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Peer-to-Peer Connectivity Using Firewall and Network Address Translator Traversal

Tags:
firewalls

Overview Network Address Translators (NATs) and Firewalls, also collectively called middleboxes, create problems for establishing connections in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks: They limit the outbound connections to the Internet, do not allow incoming connections, and break certain protocols. This happens because state is needed in the middleboxes, and absence of the correct state results in the failure of P2P application sessions. Connection reversal, relaying, Application Level Gateways (ALGs), hole punching, tunneling, and middlebox communication, are methods to set up the correct state in the middleboxes so P2P sessions can traverse them. Hole punching is the most effective way to setup P2P sessions. Knowledge on the behavior of middleboxes is used to "Punch a hole": Outbound packets cause the needed state to be setup.

Further White Paper Details
Publisher	Delft University of Technology	File Format	PDF
Date Published	April 2005
Format	White Papers
Topics	Firewalls, Network Design, Security Tools

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